Kubernetes Operator
Kubernetes Operator — pattern (+ tooling) для packaging complex stateful applications как native K8s resources. Operator = Custom Resource Definition (CRD) + Controller, который reconciles desired state. Примеры: Postgres-operator (автоматически provisions PostgreSQL clusters + backups), Redis Operator, Kafka Strimzi, cert-manager (SSL automation). OperatorHub.io — registry of 200+ operators.
Ниже: подробности, пример, смежные термины, FAQ.
Подробности
- CRD: defines your custom resource type (e.g. PostgresCluster)
- Controller: watches CRD, performs reconciliation
- Frameworks: Operator SDK (Go), Kopf (Python), kubebuilder
- Capability levels: Basic Install → Seamless Upgrades → Full Lifecycle → Deep Insights → Auto-Pilot
- Popular ones: cert-manager, Prometheus Operator, Strimzi (Kafka), CloudNativePG
Пример
# Custom resource (Postgres Operator)
apiVersion: postgresql.cnpg.io/v1
kind: Cluster
metadata:
name: my-pg
spec:
instances: 3
storage:
size: 100Gi
backup:
barmanObjectStore:
destinationPath: s3://backups/
s3Credentials:
accessKeyId:
name: backup-key
key: ACCESS_KEYСмежные термины
Больше по теме
Часто задаваемые вопросы
Operator vs Helm chart?
Helm — install + upgrade templates. Operator — on-going management (backup, scale, heal). Operator — higher level of automation.
Когда писать свой operator?
Если вы deploy complex stateful app и нужна automation backups, failover, schema migrations. Simple stateless app — Deployment достаточно.
Тестирование operators?
Operator SDK имеет e2e test framework. kind/minikube local clusters для testing reconciliation.