451
Client Error
451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons
451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons — the resource is blocked for legal reasons. The code is named after Fahrenheit 451.
Definition (RFC 7725)
HTTP status code 451 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons is defined in RFC 7725 (An HTTP Status Code to Report Legal Obstacles), not in RFC 9110. RFC 9110 defines the core HTTP status codes; this one was registered separately in the IANA HTTP Status Code Registry.
Description
The 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons status code indicates that the server is denying access to the resource as a consequence of a legal demand. The response should include an explanation in the body.
The status code 451 is a reference to Ray Bradbury's novel Fahrenheit 451.
Common Causes
Roskomnadzor block (for RU IPs)
GDPR block (for EU IPs without compliance)
DMCA takedown
EU right-to-be-forgotten
Brand disputes
How to Fix
Consider geo-restriction instead of a blanket block — make the page available in other regions.
Document legal grounds for audit.
If the block is erroneous, appeal to the relevant authority.
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