Articles & Guides
Useful resources for web developers and system administrators
Security
How to Store Passwords Safely: Six Methods and Weak Points
Memory, paper, notes, the browser, a spreadsheet, a password manager — what each protects against and what has to happen for the password to leak.
Security
How Often to Change Your Password: the 90-Day Rule Is Gone
NIST removed scheduled password expiry in 2017. Why the calendar makes passwords more predictable, when a change is genuinely required, and what helps more.
Security
Password Manager: Where to Find It in Your Browser and Phone
Where the password manager lives in Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari, Android and iPhone, how to reveal a saved password, and why it beats letting the browser remember.
SEO
UTM Parameters: The 5 Tags, Templates, GA4 and Google Ads Setup
UTM parameters explained: the 5 tags, templates by channel, GA4 channel mapping, Google Ads gclid vs UTM, Meta URL parameters and mistakes that break reports.
Infrastructure
What Is Web Hosting: How It Works, Types, Cost and Examples
What is web hosting: a rented server that stores and serves your site. How it works step by step, hosting vs domain, WordPress hosting, costs and how to check.
SSL/TLS
HTTPS Not Working: Causes, Checks and How to Fix It
HTTPS not working: tell a local fault from a server one, decode NET::ERR_CERT_* errors, and check the certificate, chain, port 443 and redirect loops step by step.
SEO
What Is Website Indexing: How It Works and How to Check
What website indexing is in plain terms: how crawling differs from indexing, how a page gets into the index, how to check it and what blocks it.
DNS
What Is DNS: How It Works and Why You Need It, Explained
What is DNS and how it works: the full path of a lookup, resolver roles, caching and TTL, private DNS over TLS and HTTPS, plus how to check records with dig.
Networking
How to Find a Server Port: Your Own, Remote and Proxy
How to find a server port: which port your service listens on in Linux, Windows and macOS, which port a host answers on, and where the proxy port lives. Real commands.
SSL/TLS
What Is HTTPS: How It Works and How It Differs from HTTP
What HTTPS is in plain terms: how it differs from HTTP, how the TLS handshake works, what the browser padlock really proves and how to check HTTPS on your own site.